Definition
Changes in sperm concentration, movement or shape.
Symptoms
Usually symptom-free; semen appearance cannot identify these abnormalities.
How it may be discovered
Investigation of difficulty conceiving.
When to seek care
Discuss results in the couple’s context; one result alone cannot predict fertility.
Investigations and tests
Repeat testing with laboratory instructions, andrological examination and targeted work-up.
Reaching a diagnosis
Interpret parameters together; recent fever, medicines or incomplete collection can affect values.
Treatment options
Address identifiable factors, assess selected varicocele or hormonal causes and consider assisted conception according to the couple’s needs.
Explore this topic further
Continue with related explanations of how the body works and treatment options.