Tests and diagnosis
Cystoscopy
Examine the bladder for bleeding, an abnormality or tumour surveillance.
Explore the guideProcedures
Understand each procedure.
From indications to follow-up: a clear guide to key urological procedures and a starting point for your conversation with the surgeon.
24 guides shown
Tests and diagnosis
Prostate biopsy
Sample tissue when assessment suggests cancer; PSA alone does not determine the decision.
Explore the guideUrinary stones Medical animation
Ureteroscopy and laser
Treat selected ureter or kidney stones according to size, location and effects.
Explore the guideUrinary stones Medical animation
Shock-wave lithotripsy — SWL
Break suitable stones with shock waves; density, size and location affect selection.
Explore the guideUrinary stones Medical animation
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy — PCNL
Treat mainly large or complex kidney stones.
Explore the guideUrinary drainage Medical animation
JJ ureteric stent
Keep urine flowing from kidney to bladder around an obstruction or after selected procedures.
Explore the guideUrinary drainage
Nephrostomy
Drain an obstructed kidney, especially urgently when infection is present.
Explore the guideBenign prostate disease
Transurethral resection of the prostate — TURP
Relieve troublesome or complicated benign obstruction when appropriate.
Explore the guideBenign prostate disease
Holmium laser enucleation — HoLEP
Treat benign obstruction, including selected large prostates, depending on expertise and individual needs.
Explore the guideCancer surgery and treatment Medical animation
Transurethral bladder tumour resection — TURBT
Remove a bladder lesion and determine its type and depth.
Explore the guideCancer surgery and treatment
Bladder instillations: BCG or chemotherapy
Reduce recurrence or progression of selected non-muscle-invasive tumours according to risk.
Explore the guideCancer surgery and treatment Medical animation
Radical prostatectomy
Treat selected prostate cancers within a risk-based discussion of alternatives.
Explore the guideCancer surgery and treatment Medical animation
Partial or radical nephrectomy
Remove a kidney tumour when surgery is indicated; preserve kidney tissue when feasible and appropriate.
Explore the guideCancer surgery and treatment
Cystectomy and urinary diversion
Treat selected invasive bladder cancers or very high-risk disease.
Explore the guideReconstruction
Pyeloplasty
Correct selected narrowings between the renal pelvis and ureter that impair kidney drainage.
Explore the guideReconstruction
Urethroplasty
Reconstruct a narrowed urethra, particularly for long or recurrent strictures.
Explore the guideContinence and bladder function
Surgery for female stress incontinence
Treat persistent stress leakage after appropriate conservative care.
Explore the guideContinence and bladder function
Bladder botulinum toxin injections
Treat selected resistant overactive bladder, with or without neurological disease.
Explore the guideContinence and bladder function
Sacral neuromodulation
A specialist option for selected resistant storage or emptying problems.
Explore the guideGenital surgery and andrology
Vasectomy
Male contraception intended to be permanent, after informed decision-making.
Explore the guideGenital surgery and andrology
Medically indicated circumcision
Treat pathological phimosis or selected recurrent inflammation after assessment.
Explore the guideGenital surgery and andrology
Hydrocele surgery
Treat fluid around the testicle when troublesome or large.
Explore the guideGenital surgery and andrology
Varicocele treatment
Consider a clinical varicocele in selected infertility, pain or testicular growth problems.
Explore the guideGenital surgery and andrology
Orchidopexy — testicular fixation
Bring down an undescended testicle or fix a testicle in torsion; these are different situations.
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These guides describe treatment options without implying that every technique is offered at the practice. Indications, anaesthesia and recovery are individualised.